milnacipran hydrochloride
Milnacipran Hydrochloride is a serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor used to treat Major Depressive Disorder.
Serotonin and Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor · by Hetero Labs Ltd V
Generic of Savella
Key facts
- Active ingredient
- Milnacipran Hydrochloride
- Form
- Tablet, Kit
- Strength
- Milnacipran Hydrochloride 100MG · Milnacipran Hydrochloride 12.5MG · Milnacipran Hydrochloride 25MG · Milnacipran Hydrochloride 50MG
- Type
- Prescription (Rx)
- Brand or generic
- Generic
- May treat
- major depressive disorder
- Manufacturer
- Hetero Labs Ltd V
- What the pharmacy pays
- ~$97.10 for 30 — not your price
- FDA application
- ANDA205147
- FDA boxed warning
- Yes — see the boxed warning
What is Milnacipran Hydrochloride?
From the FDA label:Milnacipran hydrochloride is a selective norepinephrine and serotonin reuptake inhibitor; it inhibits norepinephrine uptake with greater potency than serotonin. The chemical name: (1R,2S)-rel-2- (Amino-methyl)-N,N-diethyl-1-phenylcyclo propane carboxamide hydrochloride. The structural formula is: Milnacipran hydrochloride is a white to off-white powder with a melting point of 179°C. It is freely soluble in water, methanol and in dimethysulphoxide, soluble in dimethyl formamide. It has an empirical formula of C 15 H 22 N 2 O.HCl and a molecular weight of 282.81 g/mol. Milnacipran hydrochloride tablets are available for oral administration as film-coated tablets containing 12.5 mg, 25 mg, 50 mg, and 100 mg milnacipran hydrochloride. Each tablet also contains carboxymethylcellulose calcium, colloidal silicon dioxide, magnesium stearate, methacrylic acid copolymer, microcrystalline cellulose, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, povidone, sodium bicarbonate, talc and titanium dioxide as inactive ingredients. Additionally, the 12.5 mg tablets contain FD & C Blue #2/Indigo Carmine Aluminum Lake and the 100 mg tablets contain FD&C Red #40 Allura Red AC-Aluminum Lake. milnacipran-hydrochloride-tabletsformula
How to use
Milnacipran Hydrochloride is sold in more than one form (Tablet and Kit), and each is dosed differently. The instructions below come from the FDA label for application ANDA205147 — follow the label that came with the product you were actually prescribed.
Milnacipran hydrochloride tablets are given orally with or without food. Taking milnacipran hydrochloride tablets with food may improve the tolerability of the drug. • Administer milnacipran hydrochloride tablets in two divided doses per day (2.1) . • Based on efficacy and tolerability, dosing may be titrated according to the following schedule (2.1) : Day 1: 12.5 mg once Days 2 to 3: 25 mg/day (12.5 mg twice daily) Days 4 to 7: 50 mg/day (25 mg twice daily) After Day 7: 100 mg/day (50 mg twice daily) • Recommended dose is 100 mg/day (2.1) . • May be increased to 200 mg/day based on individual patient response (2.1) . • Adjust dose in patients with severe renal impairment (2.2) . 2.1 Recommended Dosing The recommended dose of milnacipran hydrochloride tablet is 100 mg/day (50 mg twice daily). Based on efficacy and tolerability dosing may be titrated according to the following schedule: Day 1: 12.5 mg once Days 2 to 3: 25 mg/day (12.5 mg twice daily) Days 4 to 7: 50 mg/day (25 mg twice daily) After Day 7: 100 mg/day (50 mg twice daily) Based on individual patient response, the dose may be increased to 200 mg/day (100 mg twice daily). Doses above 200 mg/day have not been studied. Taper milnacipran hydrochloride tablets and do not abruptly discontinue after extended use [see Dosage and Administration (2.4) , Warnings and Precautions (5.7) ]. 2.2 Patients with Renal Insufficiency…
Side effects
The most frequently occurring adverse reactions (≥ 5% and greater than placebo) were nausea, headache, constipation, dizziness, insomnia, hot flush, hyperhidrosis, vomiting, palpitations, heart rate increased, dry mouth, and hypertension ( 6.1 ). To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Hetero Labs Limited at 1-866-495-1995 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch . 6.1 Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. Patient Exposure Milnacipran hydrochloride was evaluated in three double-blind placebo-controlled trials involving 2209 fibromyalgia patients (1557 patients treated with milnacipran hydrochloride and 652 patients treated with placebo) for a treatment period up to 29 weeks. The stated frequencies of adverse reactions represent the proportion of individuals who experienced, at least once, a treatment-emergent adverse reaction of the type listed. A reaction was considered treatment emergent if it occurred for the first time or worsened while receiving therapy following baseline evaluation. Adverse Reactions Leading to Discontinuation In placebo-controlled trials in patients with fibromyalgia, 23% of patients…
FDA Boxed Warning (the FDA’s most serious warning)
Boxed (black-box) warning — from the FDA label
Milnacipran hydrochloride is a selective serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI), similar to some drugs used for the treatment of depression and other psychiatric disorders. Antidepressants increased the risk compared to placebo of suicidal thinking and behavior (suicidality) in children, adolescents, and young adults in short-term studies of major depressive disorder (MDD) and other psychiatric disorders. Anyone considering the use of such drugs in a child, adolescent, or young adult must balance this risk with the clinical need. Short-term studies did not show an increase in the risk of suicidality with antidepressants compared to placebo in adults beyond age 24; there was a reduction in risk with antidepressants compared to placebo in adults aged 65 and older. Depression and certain other psychiatric disorders are themselves associated with increases in the risk of suicide. Patients of all ages who are started on milnacipran hydrochloride should be monitored appropriately and observed closely for clinical worsening, suicidality, or unusual changes in behavior. Families and caregivers should be advised of the need for close observation and communication with the prescriber. Milnacipran hydrochloride is not approved for use in the treatment of major depressive disorder. Milnacipran hydrochloride is not approved for use in pediatric patients [see Indications and Usage (1) , Warnings and Precautions (5.1) , Use in Specific Populations (8.4) ] . WARNING: SUICIDALITY AND ANTIDEPRESSANT DRUGS See full prescribing information for complete boxed warning. • Increased risk of suicidal ideation, thinking, and behavior in children, adolescents, and young adults taking antidepressants for major depressive disorder (MDD) and other psychiatric disorders ( 5.1 ). • Milnacipran is not approved for use in pediatric patients ( 1, 8.4 ).
Warnings
Important safety information
Suicidality : Monitor for worsening of depressive symptoms and suicide risk (5.1) . • Serotonin Syndrome: Increased risk when co-administered with other serotonergic agents, but also when taken alone. If it occurs, discontinue milnacipran hydrochloride and any other serotonergic agents, and initiate supportive treatment (5.2) . • Elevated Blood Pressure and Heart Rate: Milnacipran hydrochloride may increase blood pressure and heart rate. Measure blood pressure and heart rate prior to initiating treatment with milnacipran hydrochloride and monitor periodically throughout treatment (5.3 , 5.4 ). • Seizures: Cases have been reported with milnacipran hydrochloride therapy. Prescribe milnacipran hydrochloride with care in patients with a history of seizure disorder (5.5) . • Hepatotoxicity: Milnacipran hydrochloride may cause elevations of ALT and AST. Avoid concomitant use of milnacipran hydrochloride in patients with substantial alcohol use or chronic liver disease (5.6) . • Discontinuation: Withdrawal symptoms have been reported in patients when discontinuing treatment with milnacipran hydrochloride. A gradual dose reduction is recommended (5.7) . • Increased Risk of Bleeding: Milnacipran hydrochloride may increase the risk of bleeding events. Caution patients about the risk of bleeding associated with the concomitant use of milnacipran hydrochloride and NSAIDs, aspirin, or other drugs that affect coagulation (5.9) . • History of Dysuria: Male patients with a history of obstructive uropathies may experience higher rates of genitourinary adverse events (5.11) . • Sexual Dysfunction: Milnacipran hydrochloride use may cause symptoms of sexual dysfunction (5.12) . 5.1 Suicide Risk Milnacipran hydrochloride is a selective serotonin and norepinephrine re-uptake inhibitor (SNRI), similar to some drugs used for the treatment of depression and other psychiatric disorders. Patients, both adult and pediatric, with depression or other psychiatric disorders may experience worsening of their depression and/or the emergence of suicidal ideation and behavior (suicidality) or unusual changes in behavior, whether or not they are taking these medications, and this risk may persist until significant remission occurs. Suicide is a known risk of depression and certain other psychiatric disorders, and these disorders themselves are the strongest predictors of suicide. There has been a long-standing concern, however, that antidepressants, including drugs that inhibit the reuptake of norepinephrine and/or serotonin, may have a role in inducing worsening of depression and the emergence of suicidality in certain patients during the early phases of treatment. In the placebo-controlled clinical trials of adults with fibromyalgia, among the patients who had a history of depression at treatment initiation, the incidence of suicidal ideation was 0.5% in patients treated with placebo, 0% in patients treated with milnacipran hydrochloride 100 mg/day, and 1.3% in patients treated with milnacipran hydrochloride 200 mg/day. No suicides occurred in the short-term or longer-term (up to 1 year) fibromyalgia trials. Pooled analyses of short-term placebo-controlled trials of drugs used to treat depression (SSRIs and others) showed that these drugs increase the risk of suicidal thinking and behavior (suicidality) in children, adolescents, and young adults (ages 18 to 24) with major depressive disorder (MDD) and other psychiatric disorders. Short-term studies did not show an increase in the risk of suicidality with these drugs compared to placebo in adults beyond age 24; there was a reduction in suicidality risk with antidepressants compared to placebo in adults age 65 and older. The pooled analyses of placebo-controlled trials in children and adolescents with MDD, obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), or other psychiatric disorders included a total of 24 short-term trials of 9 drugs used to treat depression in over 4400 patients. The pooled analyses of placebo-controlled trials in adults with MDD or other psychiatric disorders included a total of 295 short-term trials (median duration of 2 months) of 11 antidepressant drugs in over 77,000 patients. There was considerable variation in risk of suicidality among drugs, but a tendency toward an increase in the younger patients for almost all drugs studied. There were differences in absolute risk of suicidality across the different indications, with the highest incidence in MDD. The risk of differences (drug versus placebo), however, were relatively stable within age strata and across indications. These risk differences (drug-placebo difference in the number of cases of suicidality per 1000 patients treated) are provided in Table 1 . Table 1: Risk Differences (Drug – Placebo) in the number of Cases of Suicidality, per 1000 patients treated Age Range Drug-Placebo Difference in Number of Cases of Suicidality per 1000 Patients Treated < 18 14 additional cases 18 to 24 5 additional cases Decreases Compared to Placebo 25 to 64 1 fewer case ≥ 65 6 fewer cases No suicides occurred in any of the pediatric trials. There were suicides in the adult trials, but the number was not sufficient to reach any conclusion about drug effect on suicide. It is unknown whether the suicidality risk extends to longer-term use, i.e., beyond several months. However, there is substantial evidence from placebo-controlled maintenance trials in adults with depression that the use of antidepressants can delay the recurrence of depression. All patients being treated with drugs inhibiting the reuptake of norepinephrine and/or serotonin for any indication should be monitored appropriately and observed closely for clinical worsening, suicidality, and unusual changes in behavior, especially during the initial few months of a course of drug therapy, or at times of dose changes, either increases or decreases. The following symptoms, anxiety, agitation, panic attacks, insomnia, irritability, hostility, aggressiveness, impulsivity, akathisia (psychomotor restlessness), hypomania, mania, have been reported in adult and pediatric patients being treated with drugs inhibiting the reuptake of norepinephrine and/or serotonin for major depressive disorder as well as for other indications, both psychiatric and non-psychiatric. Although a causal link between the emergence of such symptoms and either the worsening of depression and/or the emergence of suicidal impulses has not been established, there is concern that such symptoms may represent precursors to emerging suicidality. Consideration should be given to changing the therapeutic regimen, including possibly discontinuing the medication, in patients who may experience worsening depressive symptoms, or who are experiencing emergent suicidality or symptoms that might be precursors to worsening depression or suicidality, especially if these symptoms are severe or abrupt in onset, or were not part of the patient’s presenting symptoms. If the decision has been made to discontinue treatment due to worsening depressive symptoms or emergent suicidality, medication should be tapered, as rapidly as is feasible, but with recognition that abrupt discontinuation can produce withdrawal symptoms [see Dosage and Administration (2.1 , 2.4 ), Warnings and Precautions (5.7) ] . Families and caregivers of patients being treated with drugs inhibiting the reuptake of norepinephrine and/or serotonin for major depressive disorder or other indications, both psychiatric and nonpsychiatric, should be alerted about the need to monitor patients for the emergence of agitation, irritability, unusual changes in behavior, and the other symptoms described above, as well as the emergence of suicidality, and to report such symptoms immediately to health care providers. Such monitoring should include daily observation by families and caregivers. Prescriptions for milnacipran hydrochloride should be written for the smallest quantity of tablets consistent with good patient…
Who should not take Milnacipran Hydrochloride
Serotonin Syndrome and MAOIs: Do not use MAOIs intended to treat psychiatric disorders with milnacipran hydrochloride or within 5 days of stopping treatment with milnacipran hydrochloride. Do not use milnacipran hydrochloride within 14 days of stopping an MAOI intended to treat psychiatric disorders. In addition, do not start milnacipran hydrochloride in a patient who is being treated with linezolid or intravenous methylene blue ( 4.1 , 5.2 ). 4.1 Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs) The use of MAOIs intended to treat psychiatric disorders with milnacipran hydrochloride or within 5 days of stopping treatment with milnacipran hydrochloride is contraindicated because of an increased risk of serotonin syndrome. The use of milnacipran hydrochloride within 14 days of stopping an MAOI intended to treat psychiatric disorders is also contraindicated [see Dosage and Administration (2.5) , Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ] . Starting milnacipran hydrochloride in a patient who is being treated with MAOIs such as linezolid or intravenous methylene blue is also contraindicated because of an increased risk of serotonin syndrome [see Dosage and Administration (2.6) , Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ].
Overdose — what happens if you take too much
Clinical Presentation There is limited clinical experience with milnacipran hydrochloride overdose in humans. In clinical trials, cases of acute ingestions up to 1000 mg, alone or in combination with other drugs, were reported with none being fatal. In postmarketing experience, fatal outcomes have been reported for acute overdoses primarily involving multiple drugs but also with milnacipran hydrochloride only. The most common signs and symptoms included increased blood pressure, cardio-respiratory arrest, changes in the level of consciousness (ranging from somnolence to coma), confusional state, dizziness, and increased hepatic enzymes. Management of Overdose There is no specific antidote to milnacipran hydrochloride, but if serotonin syndrome ensues, specific treatment (such as with cyproheptadine and/or temperature control) may be considered. In case of acute overdose, treatment should consist of those general measures employed in the management of overdose with any drug. Ensure adequate airway, oxygenation, and ventilation and monitor cardiac rhythm and vital signs. Induction of emesis is not recommended. Gastric lavage with a large-bore orogastric tube with appropriate airway protection, if needed, may be indicated if performed soon after ingestion or in symptomatic patients. Because there is no specific antidote for milnacipran hydrochloride, consider symptomatic care and…
U.S. Poison Control: call or text 1-800-222-1222 (free, 24/7). In an emergency call 911. From the FDA label; not medical advice.
Interactions
Milnacipran undergoes minimal CYP450 related metabolism, with the majority of the dose excreted unchanged in urine (55%) and has a low binding to plasma proteins (13%). In vitro and in vivo studies showed that milnacipran hydrochloride is unlikely to be involved in clinically significant pharmacokinetic drug interactions [see Pharmacokinetics in Special Populations (12.3)] . • Milnacipran hydrochloride is unlikely to be involved in clinically significant pharmacokinetic drug interactions (7) . • Pharmacodynamic interactions of milnacipran hydrochloride with other drugs can occur (7) . 7.1 Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs) The concomitant use of SSRIs and SNRIs, including milnacipran hydrochloride, with MAOIs increases the risk of serotonin syndrome. The use of MAOIs intended to treat psychiatric disorders with milnacipran hydrochloride or within 5 days of stopping treatment with milnacipran hydrochloride is contraindicated. The use of milnacipran hydrochloride within 14 days of stopping an MAOI intended to treat psychiatric disorders is also contraindicated. In addition, do not initiate milnacipran hydrochloride in a patient who is being treated with MAOIs such as linezolid or intravenous methylene blue. No reports involved the administration of methylene blue by other routes (such as oral tablets or local tissue injection). If it is necessary to initiate treatment with a MAOI such as linezolid or intravenous methylene blue in a patient taking milnacipran hydrochloride, discontinue milnacipran hydrochloride before initiating treatment with the MAOI [see Dosage and Administration (2.5, 2.6), Contraindications (4), Drug Interactions (7.1)]. 7.2 Serotonergic Drugs Serotonin syndrome can occur with use of milnacipran hydrochloride and other serotonergic drugs (other SNRIs, SSRIs, triptans, tricyclic antidepressants, opioids, lithium, tryptophan, buspirone, amphetamines, and St. John’s Wort), or with drugs that impair metabolism of serotonin (i.e., monoamine oxidase inhibitors). Advise patients of the signs and symptoms associated with serotonin syndrome and to seek medical care immediately if they experience these symptoms [see Dosage and Administration (2.5, 2.6), Warnings and Precautions (5.2)]. 7.3 Triptans There have been rare postmarketing reports of serotonin syndrome with use of an SSRI and a triptan. If concomitant treatment of milnacipran hydrochloride with a triptan is clinically warranted, careful observation of the patient is advised, particularly during treatment initiation and dose increases [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)]. 7.4 Catecholamines Milnacipran hydrochloride inhibits the reuptake of norepinephrine. Therefore, concomitant use of milnacipran hydrochloride with epinephrine and norepinephrine may be associated with paroxysmal hypertension and possible arrhythmia [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3, 5.4)]. 7.5 CNS-active drugs Given the primary CNS effects of milnacipran hydrochloride, use caution when it is taken in combination with other centrally acting drugs, including those with a similar mechanism of action. Clomipramine: In a drug-drug interaction study, an increase in euphoria and postural hypotension was observed in patients who switched from clomipramine to milnacipran hydrochloride. 7.6 Clinically Important Interactions with Select Cardiovascular Agents Digoxin: Use of milnacipran hydrochloride concomitantly with digoxin may be associated with potentiation of adverse hemodynamic effects. Postural hypotension and tachycardia have been reported in combination therapy with intravenously administered digoxin (1 mg). Avoid co-administration of milnacipran hydrochloride and intravenous digoxin [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3 , 5.4) ] . Clonidine: Because milnacipran hydrochloride inhibits norepinephrine reuptake, co-administration with clonidine may inhibit clonidine’s anti-hypertensive effect. 7.7 Drugs that Interfere with Hemostasis Concomitant use of milnacipran hydrochloride with an antiplatelet or anticoagulant drug (e.g., NSAIDs, aspirin, and warfarin) may potentiate the risk of bleeding. This may be due to the effect of milnacipran hydrochloride on the release of serotonin by platelets. Closely monitor for bleeding for patients receiving an antiplatelet or anticoagulant drug when milnacipran hydrochloride is initiated or discontinued [see Warnings and Precautions (5.9)].
Drug class
How this class works, per Duloxetine - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf.
May treat (source: NIH RxClass)
See how Milnacipran Hydrochloride ranks — best-rated serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor for:
Dosage forms
Tablet and Kit
The forms currently marketed in the U.S., per the FDA National Drug Code Directory.
Ways to save
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Frequently asked questions
- What does Milnacipran Hydrochloride treat?
- Milnacipran Hydrochloride (Milnacipran Hydrochloride) may be used to treat major depressive disorder, based on NIH RxClass drug-classification data (conditions a drug may treat — not a verbatim copy of the FDA-approved label). This is general reference, not medical advice.
- How does Milnacipran Hydrochloride work?
- Milnacipran Hydrochloride is a serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor. SNRIs slow the reabsorption of two brain chemicals, serotonin and norepinephrine, back into nerve cells. This leaves more of both available in the gaps between neurons to keep signaling, which can improve mood, anxiety, and certain types of chronic pain.
- How much does Milnacipran Hydrochloride cost?
- Nobody can tell you what you will pay — your price is set by your insurer's formulary, your deductible and the pharmacy's markup, and none of those are published. What IS published is what the pharmacy paid to acquire it: about $97.10 for 30, per the CMS NADAC survey. Treat that as the floor, not the quote — ask the pharmacist for the cash price as well as your copay, because for cheap generics the cash price often wins. Pharmacies pay less for a same-class option, Cymbalta — about $3.41 on the same basis.
- Is there a coupon or discount for Milnacipran Hydrochloride?
- pharmaranks is an independent ratings site, not a pharmacy — we don't issue coupons or sell Milnacipran Hydrochloride. To pay less, Milnacipran Hydrochloride is already a generic — usually the lowest-cost version — so the main levers are comparing cash prices between pharmacies and using a pharmacy discount-card service. Prices vary by pharmacy, insurance, and location, so always confirm at the counter. This is general reference, not medical or financial advice.
- Who makes Milnacipran Hydrochloride?
- Milnacipran Hydrochloride is marketed by Hetero Labs Ltd V. You can see Hetero Labs Ltd V's full profile, rating, and other products on pharmaranks.
- Is Milnacipran Hydrochloride a brand-name or generic drug?
- Milnacipran Hydrochloride is a generic medication; its active ingredient is Milnacipran Hydrochloride. Generics contain the same active ingredient as the brand-name original and are usually lower cost.
- Is Milnacipran Hydrochloride available over the counter?
- No. Milnacipran Hydrochloride is a prescription (Rx) medication in the US — you need a prescription from a licensed clinician (in person or via telehealth); it isn't sold over the counter. For some conditions there are OTC alternatives — ask your pharmacist.
- What forms does Milnacipran Hydrochloride come in?
- Milnacipran Hydrochloride is currently marketed as tablet and kit, per the FDA's National Drug Code Directory.
- What class of drug is Milnacipran Hydrochloride?
- Milnacipran Hydrochloride is classified as serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, per the FDA's Established Pharmacologic Class.
- Is Milnacipran Hydrochloride FDA-registered?
- Milnacipran Hydrochloride is on record with the U.S. FDA under application number ANDA205147. You can verify this on its official FDA label.
- Is Milnacipran Hydrochloride safe?
- There's no single safe-or-not verdict, and we don't yet have a composite recall-safety score for Milnacipran Hydrochloride. Review its FDA-label side effects and warnings below, and always consult a licensed professional.
- What are the side effects of Milnacipran Hydrochloride?
- Milnacipran Hydrochloride's side effects are taken directly from its FDA label. From the label: The most frequently occurring adverse reactions (≥ 5% and greater than placebo) were nausea, headache, constipation, dizziness, insomnia, hot flush, hyperhidrosis, vomiting, palpitations, heart rate increased, dry mouth, and hypertension ( 6.1 ). To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS,… Both common and serious reactions are documented in full on this page. This is general reference from the FDA, not medical advice — always consult a professional.
Clinical content sourced from the FDA label via openFDA (U.S. FDA). View the FDA label on DailyMed → Provided for general reference only — not medical advice. Always consult a licensed professional and the current prescribing information.
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