ztalmy
Ztalmy (Ganaxolone) is a neuroactive steroid gamma-aminobutyric acid a receptor positive modulator used to treat Seizures.
Ganaxolone · by Immedica Pharma
Key facts
- Active ingredient
- Ganaxolone
- Form
- Suspension
- Strength
- Ganaxolone 50MG/ML
- Type
- Prescription (Rx)
- Brand or generic
- Brand-name
- May treat
- seizures
- Manufacturer
- Immedica Pharma
- FDA application
- NDA215904
What is Ztalmy?
From the FDA label:ZTALMY (ganaxolone) oral suspension contains ganaxolone, a neuroactive steroid gamma-aminobutyric acid A (GABA A ) receptor positive modulator. Ganaxolone (1-[(3R, 5S, 8R, 9S, 10S, 13S, 14S, 17S)-3-hydroxy-3, 10, 13-trimethyl-1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 14, 15, 16, 17-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]ethanone) is a methyl-substituted (at the 3β position) analog of the endogenous neurosteroid allopregnanolone, a derivative of progesterone. Its empirical formula is C 22 H 36 O 2 , and the molecular weight is 332.53 g/mol. The chemical structure is: Ganaxolone is a white to off-white crystalline powder that only exists in one crystal form and has low aqueous solubility. ZTALMY is an oral suspension of ganaxolone. Each mL of oral suspension contains 50 mg of ganaxolone. Inactive ingredients include artificial cherry flavor, citric acid, hypromellose, methylparaben, polyvinyl alcohol, propylparaben, purified water, simethicone emulsion, sodium benzoate, sodium citrate, sodium lauryl sulfate, and sucralose. Chemical Structure
How to use
Administer ZTALMY orally three times daily with food. ( 2.1 ) Titrate ZTALMY gradually according to the recommended schedules. See full prescribing information. ( 2.1 ) Dosage for patients weighing 28 kg or less ( 2.1 ): the starting dosage is 2 mg/kg three times daily (6 mg/kg/day) the maximum dosage is 21 mg/kg three times daily (63 mg/kg/day). Dosage for patients weighing over 28 kg ( 2.1 ): the starting dosage is 50 mg three times daily (150 mg daily) the maximum dosage is 600 mg three times daily (1800 mg daily). Patients with severe hepatic impairment: see full prescribing information for dosage recommendation. ( 2.3 ) 2.1 Dosage Information ZTALMY is administered by mouth three times daily and must be taken with food [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] . The recommended titration schedule and maintenance dosage are based on body weight for patients weighing 28 kg or less. Dosage recommendations for patients weighing 28 kg or less are included in Table 1, and dosage recommendations for patients weighing more than 28 kg are included in Table 2. Dosage should be increased based on tolerability no more frequently than every 7 days. Titration increments should not exceed those shown in Table 1 and Table 2. Table 1 ZTALMY Recommended Titration Schedule for Patients Weighing 28 kg or Less Dosage Total Daily Dose Day 2 mg/kg three times daily 6 mg/kg/day 1 to 7 4 mg/kg three…
Side effects
The following important adverse reactions are described elsewhere in the labeling: Somnolence and Sedation [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] Suicidal Behavior and Ideation [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ] Withdrawal of Antiepileptic Drugs [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3) ] Most common adverse reactions (incidence of at least 5% for ZTALMY and at least twice the rate of placebo) are somnolence, pyrexia, salivary hypersecretion, and seasonal allergy. ( 6.1 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Immedica at 1-844-627-4687 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch. 6.1 Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. In controlled and uncontrolled trials in patients with seizures associated with CDD, 102 patients were treated with ZTALMY, including 83 patients treated for more than 6 months, and 50 patients treated for more than 1 year. In Study 1, 50 patients received ZTALMY [see Clinical Studies (14) ] . The duration of treatment in this trial was up to 17 weeks. Approximately 78% of these patients were female, 92% were White, and the mean age was 6.8 years (range 2 to 19 years). All patients receiving ZTALMY,…
Warnings
Important safety information
Somnolence and Sedation: Monitor for somnolence and sedation and advise patients not to drive or operate machinery until they have gained sufficient experience with ZTALMY. Concomitant use with other CNS depressants or alcohol could potentiate adverse effects. ( 5.1 ) Suicidal Behavior and Ideation: Monitor patients for suicidal behavior and thoughts. ( 5.2 ) Withdrawal of Antiepileptic Drugs: ZTALMY should be withdrawn gradually to minimize the risk of increased seizure frequency and status epilepticus. ( 5.3 ) 5.1 Somnolence and Sedation ZTALMY can cause somnolence and sedation. In Study 1 [see Clinical Studies (14) ] , the incidence of somnolence and sedation was 44% in patients treated with ZTALMY, compared with 24% in patients receiving placebo. Somnolence and sedation appeared early during treatment and were generally dose-related [see Adverse Reactions (6.1) ] . Other central nervous system (CNS) depressants, including opioids, antidepressants, and alcohol, could potentiate somnolence and sedation in patients receiving ZTALMY [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] . Prescribers should monitor patients for somnolence and sedation, and advise patients not to drive or operate machinery until they have gained sufficient experience on ZTALMY to gauge whether it adversely affects their ability to drive or operate machinery. 5.2 Suicidal Behavior and Ideation Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), including ZTALMY, increase the risk of suicidal thoughts or behavior in patients taking these drugs for any indication. Patients treated with an AED for any indication should be monitored for the emergence or worsening of depression, suicidal thoughts or behavior, or any unusual changes in mood or behavior. Pooled analyses of 199 placebo-controlled clinical trials (mono- and adjunctive therapy) of 11 different AEDs, that did not include ZTALMY, showed that patients randomized to one of the AEDs had approximately twice the risk (adjusted Relative Risk 1.8, 95% CI:1.2, 2.7) of suicidal thinking or behavior compared to patients randomized to placebo. In these trials, which had a median treatment duration of 12 weeks, the estimated incidence rate of suicidal behavior or ideation among 27,863 AED-treated patients was 0.43%, compared to 0.24% among 16,029 placebo-treated patients, representing an increase of approximately one case of suicidal thinking or behavior for every 530 patients treated. There were 4 suicides in drug-treated patients in the trials and none in placebo-treated patients, but the number is too small to allow any conclusion about drug effect on suicide. The increased risk of suicidal thoughts or behavior with AEDs was observed as early as 1 week after starting drug treatment with AEDs and persisted for the duration of treatment assessed. Because most trials included in the analysis did not extend beyond 24 weeks, the risk of suicidal thoughts or behavior beyond 24 weeks could not be assessed. The risk of suicidal thoughts or behavior was generally consistent among drugs in the data analyzed. The finding of increased risk with AEDs of varying mechanisms of action and across a range of indications suggests that the risk applies to all AEDs used for any indication. The risk did not vary substantially by age (5–100 years) in the clinical trials analyzed. Table 5 shows absolute and relative risk by indication for all evaluated AEDs. Table 5 Risk of Suicidal Thoughts or Behaviors by Indication for Antiepileptic Drugs in the Pooled Analysis Indication Placebo Patients with Events per 1000 Patients Drug Patients with Events per 1000 Patients Relative Risk: Incidence of Events in Drug Patients/ Incidence in Placebo Patients Risk Difference: Additional Drug Patients with Events per 1000 Patients Epilepsy 1.0 3.4 3.5 2.4 Psychiatric 5.7 8.5 1.5 2.9 Other 1.0 1.8 1.9 0.9 Total 2.4 4.3 1.8 1.9 The relative risk for suicidal thoughts or behavior was higher in clinical trials in patients with epilepsy than in clinical trials in patients with psychiatric or other conditions, but the absolute risk differences were similar for the epilepsy and psychiatric indications. Anyone considering prescribing ZTALMY, or any other AED must balance the risk of suicidal thoughts or behaviors with the risk of untreated illness. Epilepsy and many other illnesses for which AEDs are prescribed are themselves associated with morbidity and mortality and an increased risk of suicidal thoughts and behavior. Should suicidal thoughts and behavior emerge during treatment, consider whether the emergence of these symptoms in any given patient may be related to the illness being treated. 5.3 Withdrawal of Antiepileptic Drugs As with most AEDs, ZTALMY should be withdrawn gradually because of the risk of increased seizure frequency and status epilepticus [see Dosage and Administration (2.4) ] . If withdrawal is needed because of a serious adverse event, rapid discontinuation can be considered.
Who should not take Ztalmy
None. None. ( 4 )
Overdose — what happens if you take too much
There is limited clinical trial experience regarding overdose with ZTALMY. Unintentional overdose has been reported in 1 pediatric patient. This patient received ten times the prescribed dose. The patient was hospitalized for evaluation, including an electrocardiogram (ECG) and blood tests, and recovered. Patients who overdose should be closely monitored and receive standard supportive care. No specific information is available regarding treatment of overdose. In the event of overdose, a certified poison control center should be contacted for updated information on the management of overdose with ZTALMY.
U.S. Poison Control: call or text 1-800-222-1222 (free, 24/7). In an emergency call 911. From the FDA label; not medical advice.
Interactions
UGT inhibitors may increase ganaxolone exposures; consider reduction of a stable ZTALMY dosage when initiating a UGT inhibitor. ( 7.1 ) Cytochrome P450 inducers will decrease ganaxolone exposure. It is recommended to avoid concomitant use with strong or moderate CYP3A4 inducers; if unavoidable, consider a dosage increase of ZTALMY, but do not exceed the maximum recommended dosage. ( 7.2 ) 7.1 Effect of UGT Inhibitors on ZTALMY Concomitant use of ZTALMY and UGT inhibitors (e.g., valproic acid) may increase the exposure of ganaxolone, which may increase the risk of ZTALMY associated adverse reactions in patients who have titrated to a stable ZTALMY dosage. Consider a reduction of ZTALMY maintenance dosage when initiating a UGT inhibitor [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ]. 7.2 Effect of Strong or Moderate Cytochrome P450 Inducers on ZTALMY Coadministration of ZTALMY with CYP450 inducers, such as strong or moderate CYP3A4 inducers, will decrease ganaxolone exposure, which can lower the efficacy of ZTALMY [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] . It is recommended to avoid concomitant use of strong or moderate CYP3A4 inducers with ZTALMY. When concomitant use of strong or moderate CYP3A4 inducers is unavoidable, consider an increase in the dosage of ZTALMY; however, do not exceed the maximum daily dosage of ZTALMY [see Dosage and Administration (2.1) ] . In patients on a stable ZTALMY dosage who are initiating or increasing the dosages of enzyme-inducing antiepileptic drugs (e.g., carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital, and primidone), the ZTALMY dosage may need to be increased; however, do not exceed the maximum daily dosage of ZTALMY [see Dosage and Administration (2.1) ] . 7.3 Concomitant Use of ZTALMY with CNS Depressants and Alcohol Concomitant use of ZTALMY with CNS depressants, including alcohol, may increase the risk of somnolence and sedation [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] .
Storing Ztalmy, and how long it keeps
Quoted from this product’s own FDA label. Storage belongs to the product and its device, not to the drug in general — a pen and a tablet of the same medicine are kept completely differently.
- “Use within 30 days of first opening the bottle, then discard any remainder.”
- “Discard any unused ZTALMY oral suspension after 30 days of first opening the bottle [see How Supplied/Storage and Handling (16.”
- “Instruct patients to discard any unused ZTALMY oral suspension after 30 days of first opening the bottle [see Dosage and Administration (2.”
Drug class
May treat (source: NIH RxClass)
Dosage forms
Suspension
The forms currently marketed in the U.S., per the FDA National Drug Code Directory.
Ways to save
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Frequently asked questions
- What does Ztalmy treat?
- Ztalmy (Ganaxolone) may be used to treat seizures, based on NIH RxClass drug-classification data (conditions a drug may treat — not a verbatim copy of the FDA-approved label). This is general reference, not medical advice.
- Is there a coupon or discount for Ztalmy?
- pharmaranks is an independent ratings site, not a pharmacy — we don't issue coupons or sell Ztalmy. To pay less, ask your prescriber or pharmacist whether a generic equivalent exists, check the manufacturer's copay/savings card and patient-assistance program, and compare a pharmacy discount card against your insurance copay. Prices vary by pharmacy, insurance, and location, so always confirm at the counter. This is general reference, not medical or financial advice.
- Who makes Ztalmy?
- Ztalmy is marketed by Immedica Pharma. You can see Immedica Pharma's full profile, rating, and other products on pharmaranks.
- Is Ztalmy a brand-name or generic drug?
- Ztalmy is a brand-name product with the active ingredient Ganaxolone.
- Is Ztalmy available over the counter?
- No. Ztalmy is a prescription (Rx) medication in the US — you need a prescription from a licensed clinician (in person or via telehealth); it isn't sold over the counter. For some conditions there are OTC alternatives — ask your pharmacist.
- What forms does Ztalmy come in?
- Ztalmy is currently marketed as suspension, per the FDA's National Drug Code Directory.
- What class of drug is Ztalmy?
- Ztalmy is classified as neuroactive steroid gamma-aminobutyric acid a receptor positive modulator, per the FDA's Established Pharmacologic Class.
- Is Ztalmy FDA-registered?
- Ztalmy is on record with the U.S. FDA under application number NDA215904. You can verify this on its official FDA label.
- Is Ztalmy safe?
- There's no single safe-or-not verdict, and we don't yet have a composite recall-safety score for Ztalmy. Review its FDA-label side effects and warnings below, and always consult a licensed professional.
- What are the side effects of Ztalmy?
- Ztalmy's side effects are taken directly from its FDA label. From the label: The following important adverse reactions are described elsewhere in the labeling: Somnolence and Sedation [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] Suicidal Behavior and Ideation [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ] Withdrawal of Antiepileptic Drugs [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3) ] Most common ad… Both common and serious reactions are documented in full on this page. This is general reference from the FDA, not medical advice — always consult a professional.
Clinical content sourced from the FDA label via openFDA (U.S. FDA). View the FDA label on DailyMed → Provided for general reference only — not medical advice. Always consult a licensed professional and the current prescribing information.
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