Rocuronium: uses, dosing, side effects & brands

Rocuronium is a nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocker sold in the U.S. under 2 brand and generic names. Below: what the FDA label says, every product that contains it, what the pills look like, and its recall record.

By the pharmaranks editorial teamReviewed against the FDA (openFDA label, NDC Directory & Enforcement) sourcesUpdated Jul 24, 2026How we research

Key facts

Drug class: Nondepolarizing Neuromuscular Blocker
Available as: Injectable · Solution
Sold as: 2 products — Zemuron and Rocuronium Bromide
Prescription?: Prescription only
Generic available?: Yes
What the pharmacy pays: about $0.39 per ml — not your price

How rocuronium is dosed

From the FDA label for Rocuronium Bromide (application ANDA205656). Other rocuronium products — different forms, different strengths — are dosed differently. Follow the label for the one you were prescribed.

2.1 Important Dosing and Administration Information Rocuronium bromide injection is for intravenous use only. This drug should only be administered by experienced clinicians or trained individuals supervised by an experienced clinician familiar with the use, actions, characteristics, and complications of neuromuscular blocking agents. Doses of rocuronium bromide injection should be individualized and a peripheral nerve stimulator should be used to monitor drug effect, need for additional doses, adequacy of spontaneous recovery or antagonism, and to decrease the complications of overdosage if additional doses are administered. The dosage information which follows is derived from studies based upon units of drug per unit of body weight. It is intended to serve as an initial guide to clinicians familiar with other neuromuscular blocking agents to acquire experience with rocuronium bromide. In patients in whom potentiation of, or resistance to, neuromuscular block is anticipated, a dose adjustment should be considered [see Dosage and Administration ( 2 ), Warnings and Precautions ( 5 ), Drug Interactions ( 7 ), and Use in Specific Populations ( 8 )]. Risk of Medication Errors Accidental administration of neuromuscular blocking agents may be fatal. Store rocuronium bromide with the cap and ferrule intact and in a manner that minimizes the possibility of selecting the wrong product…

Rocuronium side effects

In clinical trials, the most common adverse reactions (2%) are transient hypotension and hypertension. The following adverse reactions are described, or described in greater detail, in other sections: • Anaphylaxis [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5 )] • Residual paralysis [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5 )] • Myopathy [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5 )] • Increased pulmonary vascular resistance [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5 )] 6.1 Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. Clinical studies in the US (n=1137) and Europe (n=1394) totaled 2531 patients. The patients exposed in the U.S. clinical studies provide the basis for calculation of adverse reaction rates. The following adverse reactions were reported in patients administered rocuronium bromide (all events judged by investigators during the clinical trials to have a possible causal relationship): Adverse reactions in greater than 1% of patients: None Adverse reactions in less than 1% of patients (probably related or relationship unknown): Cardiovascular: arrhythmia, abnormal electrocardiogram, tachycardia Digestive: nausea, vomiting Respiratory: asthma (bronchospasm,…

Who shouldn’t take rocuronium

Rocuronium bromide is contraindicated in patients known to have hypersensitivity (e.g., anaphylaxis) to rocuronium bromide or other neuromuscular blocking agents [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)].

Rocuronium drug interactions

7.1 Antibiotics Drugs which may enhance the neuromuscular blocking action of nondepolarizing agents such as rocuronium bromide include certain antibiotics (e.g., aminoglycosides; vancomycin; tetracyclines; bacitracin; polymyxins; colistin; and sodium colistimethate). If these antibiotics are used in conjunction with rocuronium bromide, prolongation of neuromuscular block may occur. 7.2 Anticonvulsants In 2 of 4 patients receiving chronic anticonvulsant therapy, apparent resistance to the effects of rocuronium bromide was observed in the form of diminished magnitude of neuromuscular block, or shortened clinical duration. As with other nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking drugs, if rocuronium bromide is administered to patients chronically receiving anticonvulsant agents such as carbamazepine or phenytoin, shorter durations of neuromuscular block may occur and infusion rates may be higher due to the development of resistance to nondepolarizing muscle relaxants. While the mechanism for development of this resistance is not known, receptor up-regulation may be a contributing factor [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5 )]. 7.3 Inhalation Anesthetics Use of inhalation anesthetics has been shown to enhance the activity of other neuromuscular blocking agents (enflurane > isoflurane > halothane). Isoflurane and enflurane may also prolong the duration of action of initial and maintenance doses of rocuronium bromide and decrease the average infusion requirement of rocuronium bromide by 40% compared to opioid/nitrous oxide/oxygen anesthesia. No definite interaction between rocuronium bromide and halothane has been demonstrated. In one study, use of enflurane in 10 patients resulted in a 20% increase in mean clinical duration of the initial intubating dose, and a 37% increase in the duration of subsequent maintenance doses, when compared in the same study to 10 patients under opioid/nitrous oxide/oxygen anesthesia. The clinical duration of initial doses of rocuronium bromide of 0.57 to 0.85 mg/kg under enflurane or isoflurane anesthesia, as used clinically, was increased by 11% and 23%, respectively. The duration of maintenance doses was affected to a greater extent, increasing by 30% to 50% under either enflurane or isoflurane anesthesia. Potentiation by these agents is also observed with respect to the infusion rates of rocuronium bromide required to maintain approximately 95% neuromuscular block. Under isoflurane and enflurane anesthesia, the infusion rates are decreased by approximately 40% compared to opioid/nitrous oxide/oxygen anesthesia. The median spontaneous recovery time (from 25% to 75% of control T1) is not affected by halothane, but is prolonged by enflurane (15% longer) and isoflurane (62% longer). Reversal-induced recovery of rocuronium bromide neuromuscular block is minimally affected by anesthetic technique [see Dosage and Administration ( 2 ) and Warnings and Precautions ( 5 )]. 7.4 Lithium Carbonate Lithium has been shown to increase the duration of neuromuscular block and decrease infusion requirements of neuromuscular blocking agents [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5 )]. 7.5 Local Anesthetics Local anesthetics have been shown to increase the duration of neuromuscular block and decrease infusion requirements of neuromuscular blocking agents [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5 )]. 7.6 Magnesium Magnesium salts administered for the management of toxemia of pregnancy may enhance neuromuscular blockade [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5 )]. 7.7 Nondepolarizing Muscle Relaxants There are no controlled studies documenting the use of rocuronium bromide before or after other nondepolarizing muscle relaxants. Interactions have been observed when other nondepolarizing muscle relaxants have been administered in succession. 7.8 Procainamide Procainamide has been shown to increase the duration of neuromuscular block and decrease infusion requirements of neuromuscular blocking agents [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5 )]. 7.9 Propofol The use of propofol for induction and maintenance of anesthesia does not alter the clinical duration or recovery characteristics following recommended doses of rocuronium bromide. 7.10 Quinidine Injection of quinidine during recovery from use of muscle relaxants is associated with recurrent paralysis. This possibility must also be considered for rocuronium bromide [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5 )]. 7.11 Succinylcholine The use of rocuronium bromide before succinylcholine, for the purpose of attenuating some of the side effects of succinylcholine, has not been studied. If rocuronium bromide is administered following administration of succinylcholine, it should not be given until recovery from succinylcholine has been observed. The median duration of action of rocuronium bromide 0.6 mg/kg administered after a 1 mg/kg dose of succinylcholine when T1 returned to 75% of control was 36 minutes (range: 14 to 57, n=12) vs. 28 minutes (range: 17 to 51, n=12) without succinylcholine.

Every rocuronium product we track (2)

Same active ingredient — different manufacturer, form, price and FDA recall record. That last one is what our independent score measures.

Rocuronium products
#	Drug	Rating	Type	Form	Generic?	Pharmacy pays
1	Zemuron	72/100	Prescription	Injectable	Generic	$0	View →
2	Rocuronium Bromide	Not yet rated	Prescription	Injectable	Generic	$0	View →

Rocuronium recalls

From the FDA Enforcement database. A recall covers specific lots — not the drug as a whole.

How long rocuronium keeps

The date on a sealed pack is not the only one: some rocuronium labels start a second clock once the product is opened or mixed, as short as 24 hours.

The in-use limits rocuronium labels print, quoted

Rocuronium and breastfeeding

From LactMed, the US National Library of Medicine’s Drugs and Lactation Database — quoted, not rewritten.

Limited information on the use of rocuronium during breastfeeding indicates that no adverse infant effects occur. Because it is short acting, highly polar and poorly absorbed orally, it is not likely to reach the breastmilk in high concentration or to reach the bloodstream of the infant. When a combination of anesthetic agents is used for a procedure, follow the recommendations for the most problematic medication used during the procedure. General anesthesia for cesarean section using rocuronium as a component may delay the onset of lactation.

Full LactMed record for rocuronium: levels in milk, effects in breastfed infants, and the drugs it would consider instead

National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, record revised June 21, 2021. LactMed states its information is not a substitute for professional judgement.

What people report to the FDA about rocuronium

The FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) collects reports from patients and clinicians. It holds 5,808 reports naming rocuronium, and the FDA flagged 86% of those reports as serious. The effects reported most often — leaving out reports about overdose, misuse or the condition being treated, which dominate the raw list for common medicines:

anaphylactic shock666 reports
anaphylactic reaction608 reports
hypotension520 reports
tachycardia221 reports
bronchospasm210 reports
bradycardia206 reports
rash186 reports
urticaria159 reports

Read these as a signal, not a rate. A report does not mean rocuronium caused the effect — anyone can file one, and many describe people taking several medicines for several conditions. Crucially there is no denominator: FAERS does not record how many people took the drug, so these counts cannot be turned into “X% of patients” — a bigger number often just means a more widely used or more talked-about drug. Duplicates exist, and publicity drives reporting. For what is actually established, read the FDA label.

Source: openFDA drug/event (FAERS), retrieved September 26, 2026.

Related calculators

How long it stays in your system →

Frequently asked questions

What is rocuronium?

Rocuronium Bromide is a nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocker.

What kind of drug is rocuronium?

The FDA classifies rocuronium as a nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocker. If you are checking whether it is safe to combine with something else, the class is what matters — two drugs from the same class usually should not be stacked.

Can you take rocuronium with other medicines?

It depends on the medicine. We check it against the FDA labels rather than guessing: our interaction checker searches each drug's own label for the other and quotes what it says, naming the section it came from. Run rocuronium against whatever else you take — and remember that a label not naming a drug is not the same as that combination being safe.

What brand names is rocuronium sold under?

We track 2 rocuronium-containing products in the U.S.: Zemuron and Rocuronium Bromide. They are the same active ingredient; they differ in form, manufacturer, price and FDA recall record.

What forms does rocuronium come in?

Across the brands we track, rocuronium is currently marketed as injectable and solution, per the FDA's National Drug Code Directory. Each form is dosed differently — follow the label for the exact product you were prescribed.

Is there a generic rocuronium?

Yes. Our catalog lists 1 generic rocuronium product alongside the brand versions. A generic has the same active ingredient and must meet the FDA's bioequivalence standard; it usually costs less. Ask your pharmacist which one your plan covers.

Has rocuronium been recalled?

The FDA's Enforcement database lists 2 recall records whose product description mentions rocuronium. The most recent: Rocuronium Bromide 50 mg per 5mL (10mg mL) (Mar 31, 2025). A recall applies to specific lots, not to the drug as a whole — check the record for the affected lot numbers.

Cite this page

APA: pharmaranks. (2026, July 24). Rocuronium: uses, dosing, side effects & brands. https://pharmaranks.com/drugs/rocuronium
MLA: “Rocuronium: uses, dosing, side effects & brands.” pharmaranks, 24 July 2026, https://pharmaranks.com/drugs/rocuronium.

We summarise public FDA and NIH sources — for a clinical claim, cite the primary source we link to as well.

Sources: FDA openFDA drug label, National Drug Code Directory, and Enforcement (recall) database. This page reproduces public FDA data and is not medical advice. Dosing is set by your prescriber.

Read the full FDA label for rocuronium on DailyMed (NIH) ↗.